KFT_ kidney function tests

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🧪 Kidney Function Tests (KFT) – Types, Uses, and Normal Values

✅ Introduction

Kidneys hamare body ke important organs hain jo blood se waste products filter karte hain, fluid balance maintain karte hain aur electrolytes ka level control karte hain. Agar kidneys properly kaam nahi kar rahi ho to doctor Kidney Function Tests (KFT) recommend karte hain. Ye ek group of blood tests hote hain jo kidney ki health check karne ke liye use kiye jate hain.

🔍 Why Kidney Function Tests Are Done?

  • Kidney disease detect karne ke liye
  • Diabetes aur high BP patients ke liye regular monitoring
  • Urine output me problem hone par
  • Swelling, fatigue, nausea, ya high creatinine suspicion hone par
  • Dialysis ya kidney transplant patients ki monitoring

🧬 Important Kidney Function Tests

1. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

  • Measures: Blood me urea nitrogen ka level
  • Normal Range: 7 – 20 mg/dL
  • High BUN = Kidney damage, dehydration, high protein diet
  • Low BUN = Liver disease, malnutrition

2. Serum Creatinine

  • Creatinine muscle metabolism ka waste product hai
  • Normal Range:
    • Men: 0.7 – 1.3 mg/dL
    • Women: 0.6 – 1.1 mg/dL
  • High creatinine = Kidney dysfunction

3. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)

  • Measures: Kidneys blood ko filter karne ki speed
  • Normal Range: > 90 mL/min
  • Low eGFR = Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk

4. Uric Acid

  • Normal Range:
    • Men: 3.4 – 7.0 mg/dL
    • Women: 2.4 – 6.0 mg/dL
  • High uric acid = Kidney disease, gout

5. Electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarbonate)

  • Kidney imbalance se electrolytes abnormal ho jate hain
  • High or low potassium = heart rhythm problems

🩺 Additional Tests

  • Urinalysis – protein, blood, glucose in urine
  • Ultrasound/CT scan – structural kidney problems detect karne ke liye

💊 Interpretation

  • Mild abnormality: dehydration, diet, medications
  • Persistent abnormality: chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • Doctor usually further tests recommend karte hain (Ultrasound, biopsy)

🛡 Prevention for Kidney Health

  • Adequate water intake
  • Salt kam khana
  • Blood pressure aur sugar control karna
  • Regular exercise
  • Avoid self-medication (especially painkillers)

📝 Conclusion

Kidney Function Tests ek important diagnostic tool hain jo kidney ki health aur performance check karte hain. Agar timely diagnosis ho jaye to kidney disease ko slow ya prevent kiya jaa sakta hai.

👉 Ye article aapke blog ke liye student-friendly + medically accurate hai. Aap chaho to normal value table bhi add kar sakti ho taaki aur professional lage.

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